Wednesday, February 24, 2010

Idealism And Optimism

Idealism means having ideas about the high aims or ideals one would like to achive or the perfect thing one
would like to have. It is opposite of realism which means facing facts and dealing with them
practically and sonsidering things as they really are.
Some advantages of idealism or idealistic attitude. It makes us think of the best that we can
do or achieve. I makes us rise above the ordinary or common aims or purposes. Idealism makes
us have the best standrads of character and behaviour before us. We try to have as perfact
a character as possible. Idealism helps us to progress socially and nationally according to
high national aims. Thus, it can take a country or nation to the greatest heights of progress
and glory.
Disadvantages of edealism: It can make us live in our dreams or in our imagination, far away
from life realities. We can become theoretical in our approach to our approach to our problems instead
of solving them directly. We can at times have wrong ideals. In their idealism, national leaders can
prepare their countries militarily to overpower other countries. This can gives rise to competition
resulting in destructive wars.
Optimism
Optimism means a happy view of life or "hopeful" happy feeling about life. An optimist will
always look at the bright side of things.
Optimism and struggle in life. An optimist will makes great efforts or struggle hopefully.
He will not get disappointed easily. More often than not he will succeed.
Optimism and happiness. Optimism keeps us happy and stisfied. We are happy even in difficults.
As a result, we are usually in good health.
Optimism and friendship, An optimist wins friends easily. Others are fond of his company
because of his inner happiness and outward sweetness.
We should be optimistic, but at the same time realistic. We should not forget the realities
of a situation, should not be over-confident or too much hopeful.

Idealism And Optimism

Idealism means having ideas about the high aims or ideals one would like to achive or the perfect thing one
would like to have. It is opposite of realism which means facing facts and dealing with them
practically and sonsidering things as they really are.
Some advantages of idealism or idealistic attitude. It makes us think of the best that we can
do or achieve. I makes us rise above the ordinary or common aims or purposes. Idealism makes
us have the best standrads of character and behaviour before us. We try to have as perfact
a character as possible. Idealism helps us to progress socially and nationally according to
high national aims. Thus, it can take a country or nation to the greatest heights of progress
and glory.
Disadvantages of edealism: It can make us live in our dreams or in our imagination, far away
from life realities. We can become theoretical in our approach to our approach to our problems instead
of solving them directly. We can at times have wrong ideals. In their idealism, national leaders can
prepare their countries militarily to overpower other countries. This can gives rise to competition
resulting in destructive wars.
Optimism
Optimism means a happy view of life or "hopeful" happy feeling about life. An optimist will
always look at the bright side of things.
Optimism and struggle in life. An optimist will makes great efforts or struggle hopefully.
He will not get disappointed easily. More often than not he will succeed.
Optimism and happiness. Optimism keeps us happy and stisfied. We are happy even in difficults.
As a result, we are usually in good health.
Optimism and friendship, An optimist wins friends easily. Others are fond of his company
because of his inner happiness and outward sweetness.
We should be optimistic, but at the same time realistic. We should not forget the realities
of a situation, should not be over-confident or too much hopeful.

Monday, February 22, 2010

National Unity

National unity makes a country strong and prosperous. It makes it have policies and aims for
which the people work together. Then other countries cannot easily oppose or attack it.
We are surrounded by many dangers. Powerful countries lie close to our borders. Our relations
with all of these cannot always be good as we cannot please everyone in world politics. Those
very much opposed to us can think of taking advantage of our internal weaknesses and differences.
It then becomes necessary for us to get united as a nation and to make ourselves really strong.
We should try to have greater national unity in some such ways. Firstly,
we should all act on the principles of our religion. We should be true Muslims in matters
of worship and in the performance of our social duties. If we think, act and behave in the
religious way, we can have the highest kind of unity.
Secondly, we should adopt a common
national language and culture. We should have Urdu as our medium of instruction at all
levels and as our language of the offices, courts, business, etc. Then we shall feel united
and think the same way in national matters. Oneness through language is quite possible.
Thirdly, we should also give proper chances to the
provinces to develop their own languages and cultures. These languages and cultures are
precious treasures of old and new words and ideas. The should assist the nationaal language
and culture in its growth. Thus we shall be achieving two aims-satisfying the people as a
whole and taking advantage of their cultural wealth.
Fourthly, we should give all the provinces
equal chances of growth and development. The provincial governments should have proper
powers to solve their regioanal problems. The people should feel satisfied with the solution
of these problems at the provincial levels.
Fifthly, we should promote trade and travel
between one province and other. This will bring the people closer and promote national unity.
Sixthly, we should try to have real justice
and equality all over the country. The people should feel that nobody can do injustice to
others however rich or powerful he may be. They should feel that they all enjoy eqaulity
of opportunity. If they are able and hardworking, they should be able to make quick progress.
The government and the people should work
together for greater national unity. The reprentatives of the people should have discussion
with the government about their problems and ways of promoting unity.

National unity

National unity makes a country strong and prosperous. It makes it have policies and aims for which the people work together. Then other countries cannot easily oppose or attack it. We are surrounded by many dangers. Powerful countries lie close to our borders. Our relations with all of these cannot always be good as we cannot please everyone in world politics. Those very much opposed to us can think of taking advantage of our internal weaknesses and differences. It then becomes necessary for us to get united as a nation and to make ourselves really strong. We should try to have greater national unity in some such ways. Firstly, we should all act on the principles of our religion. We should be true Muslims in matters of worship and in the performance of our social duties. If we think, act and behave in the religious way, we can have the highest kind of unity. Secondly, we should adopt a common national language and culture. We should have Urdu as our medium of instruction at all levels and as our language of the offices, courts, business, etc. Then we shall feel united and think the same way in national matters. Oneness through language is quite possible. Thirdly, we should also give proper chances to theprovinces to develop their own languages and cultures. These languages and cultures are precious treasures of old and new words and ideas. The should assist the nationaal language and culture in its growth. Thus we shall be achieving two aims-satisfying the people as a whole and taking advantage of their cultural wealth. Fourthly, we should give all the provinces equal chances of growth and development. The provincial governments should have proper powers to solve their regioanal problems. The people should feel satisfied with the solution of these problems at the provincial levels. Fifthly, we should promote trade and travel between one province and other. This will bring the people closer and promote national unity. Sixthly, we should try to have real justice and equality all over the country. The people should feel that nobody can do injustice to others however rich or powerful he may be. They should feel that they all enjoy eqaulity of opportunity. If they are able and hardworking, they should be able to make quick progress. The government and the people should work together for greater national unity. The reprentatives of the people should have discussion with the government about their problems and ways of promoting unity.

Scientific advances in the last 100 years

Science has made tremendous progress during the last one hundrad years.Scientific progress in the field of road travel last-very fast moving cars, trucks and vehicles using the internal-combustion engine.Scientific advances in the field of railway travel-diesel and electric engines have made railway travel easy and fast.Scientific advances in the field of air travel-very fast moving aeroplanes are available. Space travel has become possible because of the great scientific progress. Man succeeded in reaching the moon in special airships. Uses of atomic energy for the preparation of atomic weapons, production of electricity, for driving ships at sea etc. Scientific advances in medicine and surgery new kinds of medicines and injections have been prepared in laboratories which can cure highly dangerous diseases quickly. Operation of the heart and the brain are possible. Scientific advances in industry new kinds of machines have been invented to make things of daily use like cloth, match boxes, shoes, etc. in large quantities within a short time. Different kinds of new machines used in printing presses have made printing cheap and quick. So books on a large scale can easily be printed.Scientific advances in agriculture machines like tractors have made it very easy to grow crops. Scientists and chemists have developed new salts and fertilizers which have increased food production very much. There have been other very useful scientific inventions like the radio, television, radar, electronic computer etc.

Sunday, February 21, 2010

STUDENTS AND SOCIAL WORKS

Students can do a lot of social work in their free time during their holidays. Instead of spending their time in wasteful activities like roaming, the streets around or watching T.V films for long hours they can serve others in different ways. Firstly, all our students can teach uneducated people in their free time. Lots of uneducated factory workers, labourers, privat servants, etc desire to learn to read and write English and Urdu. Teaching without any monetary return is perhaps the hihgest form of social service. Secondly, students can help labourers and workers in construction roads or bridges, especially in the small towns and villages. When government departments cannot construct certain public roads or bridges, students can jion hands with labourers in their construction. They can even in their educational institutions to help maintain playgrouds and parks and buildings. Thirdly, students and help poor, old and helpless people in buying them the things they need. They can take ill persons to hospitals or bring doctors to them. Thus they serve needy and suffering people who have none to look to for help. Fourthly, students in their summer vications can visit villages for a couple of days or weeks to teach illiterate villages. They can stay with them in their huts or small houses by turn and can teach them in groups. The government can start different social work programmes for students and have a special fund for this purpose. It can establish adult education centres, radio and T.V repair workshops, training camps for villagers for the use of machinery on tarms, etc. where students can work in free time. Students are young and active. They can do social work with effort.

The scientist as a moralist

The scientist is member of society like other people. He has his feelings, desires and ideas like them. But in his scientific work he is much more objective and accurate than others. He reaches his scientific result on the basis of careful observation of facts. He verifies his results again and again through experimentation. He makes use of mathematics and istruments of observation, measurement and calculation. The true scientist does his research and experiments to discover new facts of science. He tries to make use of his knowledge for greater scientific progress. The scientific should always work for real or positive scientific progress. It means that he should research and experiment for the good of others or society. He should try to develop theories and instruments which may in the end bring benefits to human beings. He should heip in the making of useful and not harmful things. Thus he will be working for real scientific progress if he tries to discover or make new medicines for the cure of diseases. His work will be positive if he invents machines which may make the digging of wells and canals faster and easier. The scientist should not make use of knowledge to the harm of others. In fact scientist in different countries should come to an agreement not to put science to destructive use. The government should not force them to make destructive weapons. If different countries enter into no-war agreements on the basis of equality and justice, scientists will find it easy to work to the benefit of all. Most of our modern comforts and facilities have been made possible by scientists. Let the scientist of the world work together for further progress. The United Nation Organization can make better efforts to bring different countries and their scientists together to work for peace and progress.

How can the world become a good place for live

Our world is full of troubles. These of evils are of various kinds. Millions of human beings, in different parts of the world, are facing poverty, disease, injustice, inequalilty, war, etc. Our world cannot be a good place to live in without the removal of these evils. A happy life or a happy world is one in which a person lives in comfort and is happy and satisfied. This means he has enough income to satisfy his needs and to enjoy the comforts of life. Also, he is happy with his condition in life and enjoys astisfaction of the heart. First of all, there should be perfact peace. People should decide to settle thier problems of disputes in peaceful ways. They should try to settle them through discussion or throughcourts of law, but never by use of force. So also countries should discuss their problems at conferences and meetings between their rulers of governments. They should approach world organizations like the United Nation Organization for settlement of their disputes. But they should not fight wars for any purpose. If there is perfact peace in the world, in can surely become a better place to live in. Secondly, human beings should have enough chances of making progress in all possible ways. If a person has proper qualification for a profession, he should be able to worl in it. He should be able to get a job easily. He should get enough pay according to the work he does. It should be possible for all to get properly educated. Thirdly, human beings at all places and in all parts of the world should be prosperous.This means that they should have enough money to spend and things to use they should have proper houses to live in and good clothes to wear. Parents should be able to get their childreneducated and trained in good institutions. Old people should have proper imcome or pension after their retirement from work. Thirdly person should be able to buy medicines or have good medical treatment in hospitals. Fourthyl, there should be perfect justice everywhere in society. The rights of every person should be safe. No one be allowedto trouble others in anyway. Any person who breaks the law should be punished. All should be equal before the law. Life can be really pleasent if we try to make it so. All persons in society should decide to work hard. The government should make good plans for the progress of the people in different fields of life. The people and the government should work together for common social and national aims. The UNO should work for establishing real and permanent world peace. It should provide economic help to the poor or developing countries as much as possible. The advanced countries should help the developing countries through the UNO or directly in more effective ways. It is no doubt very difficult to make our world really happy. But it may not be impossible. Let us decide to have peace, progress, prosperity and justice everywhere. ALL THE BEST

Disadvantages of illiteracy

Illiteracy is a curse for any nation or country. It has no advantage as all. Its disadvantages are many. The first great disadvantage of illiteracy is that uneducated people cannot gain any knowledge through books, magazines or newspapers. They cannot read and write letters. This means that they are at a great disadvantage when compared with educated people. Educated people can easily learn all they like from books and writings or lecturer and discussion. Thus educated people are able and wiser. The second great disadvantage of illiteracy is that illierate people cannot know well about their rights and duties in society. They cannot easily understand the laws of country, the policies of the government and programmes of different political parties. It has been well said that illiterate people do not know how to use democratic rights. They cannot wisely elect their representative in general elections. They can easily be misled by false political promises. Perhaps the greatest disadvantage of illiteracy for uneducated people is that they cannot make much progress. They cannot get good jobs in government. They cannot join the armed force. They cannot very well run shops or take part in trade or industury. Illiterate villages cannot easily learn the ways of advanced or modern farming. They go on using the old out dated methods of cultivating the fields, sowing and reaping the crops. Thus they cannot increase food production so much. They remain poor and backward. They can really progress by getting educated. The country or nation as a whole cannot make proper and quick progress if the majority of its people are illiterate or uneducated. Only educated people can work efficiently in different fields of life. Only properly educated people can promote the agriculture, trade and industry of the country in a suitable way. Scientists, engineers, doctors, scholars, philosophers, writhers, poets and artists arise out of educated and literate people. Illiterate people can at the most work with their hands or do manual labour.They cannot so well make use of their minds or intelligence. We should make the efforts to educated the illiterate people. The government and educated people should work together in this direction. BEST OF LUCK

The medium of instruction

There should be a proper medium of instruction. This means thaat the language in which students are taught should suit their personal and national needs. Only the national language of the country can be the most proper medium of instruction. Students can learn their subjects easily in their national language. They can express their ideas clearly and well in it. The students of the country as a whole come together and feel united if they have their own language as the medium of insturction. We have not been able to adopt Urdu as the medium of insturction in all our institutions and classes for some reasons. First of all, there is the absence of many good books on the arts and sciences. Teachers and students cannot find very many first-rate books in Urdu on subjects like history, economics, psychology, physics, chemistry and botany. Most of books available for the higher classes, in these subjects, are in English. So both the teachers and the students find English to be a convenient medium of instruction. Secondly, we have not been able to develop the Urdu language so far so well. We have not added very many new words to it. We have not formed or discovered Urdu terms to used in science subjects in place of English terms. Even in the arts subjects like economics and psychology we are short of a great many Urdu terms. So we find it very difficult to adopt Urdu as the medium of instruction in the teaching of these subjects, especially for the higher classes. It is, therefore, necessary to have a sufficient number of good books in Urdu on different subjects. It is also very necessary to developthe Urdu language and make it really advanced. We should have all those words and terms in Urdu which we use while studing our subjects in English. We can have a number of distionaries in Urdu for the teaching of practical subjects like physics and chemistry. We can also have general dictionaries for the arts and sciences. Our teachers and writers may barrow some technical and new words from other languages. They may use them with the Urdu words while teaching technical and other subjects in Urdu. Then English books on different subjects should be translated into Urdu as much as possible. Our universities and colleges may open special department for the promotion of the Urdu language into Urdu. Every independent and great nation has its own national language as the medium of instruction. We, too, should have Urdu as our medium of instruction at all possible levels. I do not says that other languages is bad. No, no every language is good but we should get knowledge about every language. Because KNOWLEDGE IS POWER. ALL THE BEST

Industrial or technical education

Technical education makes us familiar with different kinds of machines, the ways of working them and different techniques of industry. Students are taught how to get the maximum work out of machines and how to repair them. We stand in great need of technical education. Ours is an industrial age. We produce things of daily use like bicycle, radios, electric fans,etc. In fact the basis of our modern life is industry. We need technical knowledge to run all our industries. Technical education is essential to industrial progress. Ours is a developing country. We have to establish new industries and expand the old ones. We have to set up new factories, mills and workshops. We shall need industrial and technical experts to do all this. As times passes we shall be needing more industrial and technical experts of special and higher ability and trainings. At present we make smaller machines like radio, bicycle, electric fan, etc. Most of these machines are essembled from parts imported from other countries. Now in the future we shall have to make these parts in our factories. We shall have to produce heavy machines like motorcar, the aeroplane and the tractor. We shall have to get nearly all our arms from our defence industry. Industrial or technical experts are necessary for quick agricultural progress. With the passege of time we shall have to mechanize our farming. That is, we shall have to use tractors and other machines on our farms to increase agricultural production. We shall need an industry producting tractors, threshing machines for seprating the grain from wheat, corn, etc, tube-well engine, etc on a large scale. We shall need industrial and technical experts to run this industry. We may have extensive arrangements for our students to get industrial training just after they pass the Matric or Intermediate examination. There should be special industrial and technical institutions for such students. Students getting industrial or technical education should be given practical training as far as possible. They may be asked to visit and work in mills, factories and different centres to learn practical skills. We need first-rate industrial or technical experts for quick industrial and agricultral progress. We should give the best kind of industrial education and training to our students.

Thursday, February 18, 2010

WOMEN PLACE IN OUR SOCIETY

Women in society are as important as men. In fact both men and women make it possible for society to exict and to make progress.The position of women in our society is, on the whole world, not satisfactory. Most of our women living in villages are uneducated like village men. They do not enjoy many of the rightswhich men enjoy in village society. Very few women enjoy independent position as owners of land of property. They depend on their husbands or other men looking after their families.Women in villages cannot often marry as they like. They do not have much control over thier affairs. Married women mostly depend on their husbands in all important matters of life.If they try to have ther will, their husbands generally oppose them and there are quarrls and disputes. These disputes sometimes result in divorce.In the advanced countries like Japan, France and America women enjoy a respectable position. They are treated as equal with men in almost every field of life. They can freely get education like men. In villages there women own and control their properties and lands withoutmuch interference of their husbands and male members of their families. They work in the fields like men and enjoy quite independent positions. In the cities women can work in most professions in side by side with men. They can have their will in some important matters of life like buying or selling houses, dediding about the carrers of their children, etc. We should give enough chances to our women to work in different fields of life for quick deverlopment of the country, Village women should find it easy to work on villegefarms with men. Chances should be given to village women to come to cities we should give more independence to the poor women who depend on men in all matters of life. It should not be possiblefor husbands or other men to trouble treat women cruelly in any way. There should be more scope for our women to work in some professions like teaching, sociel welfare and medicine. Here women can work in as good a way as men. Some special professions for women like nursing can be reformed a great deal. Women joining them should be given better status and salaries. Yet it is for our women to take special care of their homes,husbands and childrens. The first duty of every women is to look after her home. If she has free time after doing her necessary household work, she can work to earn money.WISH YOU BEST OF LUCHYOUR REGRADS,ABDUL SAMAD

Monday, February 8, 2010

Women arise

Nation building is a multi-dimensional term, involving the entire at all levels. For the past few decades, a remarkable social and political awareness has been awakened particularly among women.There is a visible urge in them to strive for a better life. They are also keen to contribute towards the development of their country and the nation. With the growing economic pressure, the income of a single member is not enough to feed all family members.Women are, therefore, keen to find means of adding to their family income. They want to improve the standrad of living and ensure better future for their children. For this, the women of our world are making their way into the national stream of progress. Women are working as teachers, professors, doctors and nurses. Talented women are working efficiently in aeroplane companies, T.V and Radio as programme organizers, producers, artists, writers, newscaster, announcers andcomperes. In the field of journlism women are contributing to the national development as editors, correspodents, reporters, feature and column writers. Many young girls are working in banks, business and insurance companies and in textile mills. Women have also come forward as social workers.In the field of law, women are working as lawyers and judges in courts. Some energetic young girls have also jioned the police force. We have had women politicians as Prime Minister, Education Minister and also as heads of various institutions of the Education Department. Women of our world are also being selfemployed. They are running boutiques,manufacturing garments and earning foreign exchange by exporting ready-made garments. They are also running private schools and day care centres. The rural woman has always worked with ther male members in the fields. She shares the work of man on equal level. She works from dawn to dusk at country women have to be encouraged to participate and work more in the progress and prosperity of the nation. ALL THE BEST.ABDUL SAMAD

What happens to the rain

Rain, hail and snow are the means by which water returns to the earth.If this did not happen then the survival of life would not be possible. What becomes of the rain when it has fallen? Some of it falls into the sea andbecomes a part of it again. In this way it helps to replace the water that is always taken up into the air as water vapour. Rain which falls on to the soil of flat areas sinks into it. It fills the small spaces between the grains of soil to a depth of several meters. This is the water that plants use. The roots and the tiny hair on them take up this water and pass it to the stem of the plant. It moves upwards to the leaves where it is used by the plant in its food-making process. The water in the stem and leaves helps tomake them stiff too. The underground water makes an enoumous water store that never completely dries up. Water that is used by plants, ou is taken up into the air as water vapour (both from the surface of the soil and from the leaves of plants) is replaced by more rain. Rain falls on hills and mountains as well as on flat ground. When this happens, the water begins to run down the hills in little rivulets. These rivulets join up and make a small, fast-running stream.Others join it on its way down untill a river is formed. At places, where the ground slopes steeply, the river flows very quickly and tears a deep channel for itself. Later, as the ground becomes less steep, the river makes its channel wider but not so deep. It runs a little more slowly, too. When it reaches low ground, it runs much more slowly and its channel becomes full of twists and turns. In the end, the river reaches the sea and fall in it. Sometimes rivers run over rocks made of limestones. These rivers may plunge down deep holes in the rocks and flow under the ground instead of on the surface. As it flows towards the sea, the water very slowly dissolves the limestone and makes tunnels and caves under the surface. ALL THE BEST YOUR REGARDS, ABDUL SAMAD

Using the scientific method

Science is a systematical study of things based on practical experiments. Science is helping humanity in every walk of life. Science has changed the lives of people. We writes in this essay for all humans how we have improved our lives by using the scientific method. Only a century ago, life was most uncertain.The death rate was very high. Those who survived were attacked by different fatal diseases. But now life is most certain than a century ago. Today babies are born in the hospitals where they are safe from different fatal diseases. Young people are treated to protect them against small-pox and typhoid fever. All this has been possibe by the use of scientific method. Only a century ago, the saintary condition was very bad in big cities. The streets were narrow, unpaved and poorly drained. Household garbage was thrown into the streets. Outdoor toilets were common. But now using the scientific method, the worst has gone in store. Today our city streets are paved and well drained. Sewerage from all sections of a city is carried through sealed pipes to disposal plants. Most of the city governments have departments of sanitation which keep the city clean. In the past, water had to be carried from the well to the home but now water is available everywhere. Science has improved our method of growing and preserving food. Our forefathers could preserve food products only by drying, pickling and canning. But now, we can get all types of food in every season. Science has given us an optimistic approach. Unlike past, they are not afraid of broken mirrors, number 13 and black cats. They believe in hard working rather than superstitions. Now people are more logical, wise and practical than their ancestors. Now people are less likely to accept conclusion as final. ALL THE BEST YOUR REGARDS, ABDUL SAMAD

Transport

People of earlier times prepared bullock cart and went on a long, slow journey on bad, rough roads. Bullock carts were common means of transport. Now we only have to buy a ticket for road, railway or air journey and are taken to our destination in hours instead of days. Modern transport is time saving and helps to promote both social and national unity by keeping people in contact with each other. Transport is a mode of conveyance. It carries people or material from one place to another. People use transport for trade, business or when going on a tour. They visit their relatives, friends and offices. Transport has made the life of man mobile, fast and efficient. Nobody can deny the importance of it. The travel from one place to another is not a problem in the modern age. A man can go miles away in the morning and after doing the job in the day can come back home in the evening. In the past people mostly walked to other places, they used to ride on animals. Sometimes they even used carts and carriages driven by bullocks and horses. It was a slow speed transport and was used only at time of absolute necssity. With the invention of internal combustion engine, transport was revolutionized. It became fast and easily available. To sum up our discussion, we can say transport is now considered important for the economic life of a country. Hundreds and thousands of people travel daily from one place to another to boost up their economic activity and enhance their income or to get education. They can also visit the far off healthy resorts. It provides aid and relief goods to the calamity stricken people in a short time. So transport is a companion of good and bad time.Your regards, Abdul Samad

Menace of drugs

What are drugs? Why is there so much talk on them? Why do the people fall prey to them? Are narcotics called drugs? These are some of the questions which are asked by many of us. The elders try to answer them, but not satisfactorily. Inspite of the warning of the dangrous and the effects of these drugs the number of addicts is going on increasing. About 1.5 million people are said to be the addicts of drugs, and have ruined their lives. It is an alarming situation. The drug addicted looks pale and intoxicated living in the fantasies, forgetting every other thing. The drugs make him sleepish and woeful. His condition becomes miserable and unfit for all types of healthy activities. Opium, heroin, marijuana, hashish and hashish are dried leaves and flowers of a plant called hemp. The leaves, flowers and even stalks of this plant are somked and sometime chewed. Heroine is a refined form of opium, fifty times more potent than the latter. All these intoxicants have provved damaging for health. Heroin affects the brain and damages the nerve cells. A person addicted to it can neither think clearly nor work actively. A state of drowsiness takes hold of him. He takes drug as the reliever of him tension, worries, anxiety and frustration. How are we caught in the net of drugs? Usually friends of bad company may offer their fellow mates of a drug pusher may give it free of cost in the beginning. Sometime it is available in the form of chewable stuff like sweet "chalia" or "sonf" sapan. Once one falls a victim, it is difficult for him to shake it off. The bright students are reduced to zero. Sole bread earners of family are ruined, unable to work and support their families. Therefore something needs to be done for the survival and rehabilitation of the wretched wreck living in hopelessness, dirty sack. Though there appears no hope of his survival but we must try our best to get him back to normal living. Government has set up rehabilitation centres in the big hospitals in almost all big cities for the treatment and rehabilitation of the addicts. Cultivation of poppy has been banned. Heroin laboratories in trible areas have been closed down. The smuggling of drugs has to be checked with an iron hand to save the lives of innocent people. We have to make people aware of the dangers of drugs by arranging seminars, speeches and walkes in all cities and towns. We have to be strong enough to refuse the offer of a stranger and stop smoking. Like other countries the advertisements of cigrette on electronic media and newspaper have to be banned to save the children from this temptation. WITH BEST WISHESYOUR REGARDS, ABDUL SAMAD

Sports and games

All school and colleges organize extra-curricular activities like plays, drama, debates, sports and games for their students. Extra-curricular activities are those activities which are outside the regular course of studies.These activities are good and healthy for the mind and body. Mere literay and academic life not necessary. The students should know the realities of life as they axist. The ideal of a good and perfect life is to have a sound mind in a sound body. Body and mind should work their best and they cannot do their best unless both are in good order. The proper end of games is bodily health and physical fitness. Greeks were the earliest people who introduced the marathon race and many other sports. In the past, hunting and fishing used to be mainly utilitarian in purpose. These sports were used to get food. With the Greek Civilization sports came to be looked upon as a means of building up the body and mind. The Greeks excelled in shaping the human body. The famous Olympic Games held every fourth year are proof of the importane of sports and exercise. Sports and athletics are now considered an essential feature of human activity. While sports give shape and strength to the body they also instill the is gained in games makes for a life of co-operation and team work which in turn are important in society and in nation building. Apart from making the body, limbs and muscles strong, games and sports teach how to use the energy in the right way. There are different kinds of games for different age groups. Children play running, hide and seek or they play on swings, merry go round or slides. The school going children have P.T. classes in which they are taught easy exercises to keep the young bodies flexible. Young boys play basketball and volley-ball. Girls play net ball, which is played on school courts. These games make the body muscles strong. Some of these games and sports are played at national level.Some players qualify to play at international level. One thing must be kept in mind that the spirit of games and sports is not to win only. Games also teach us to practise patience, tolerance, honestly, dignity and other moral values. With Best WishesYOUR REGARDS,ABDUL SAMAD

Save nature

In our everyday life, water, air and land matter a lot. We drink water, breathe air and walk on land. We can tell whether the water we drink has peculiar taste, is colorless or it has an odour which is unpleasent. The air we breathehas dust and smoke. The land we walk on is dirty and spoiled. All this is due to the fact that we are facing serious problems of pollution. There are many types of pollution; water pollution; air pollution; land and noise pollution. The fast growing population, increased number of factories and industries, and a large number of smoking vehicles are the main causes of pollution. Water pollution takes place when it gets mixed with unclean and filthy matter due to poor drainge and sanitation system. Very often filthy water containing human and animal waste, and poisonous chemicals is mixed with drinking water. This dirty water is absorbed by land and reaches the underground storage of water.It is then is supplied to public by the tubewells as drinking water. This dirty water also pollutes the nearby lakes, canals and rivers. Thus nature's main sources of ground and surface water are also affected. Land pollution takes place when people dispose of their waste on the land. The improper disposal of the waste material results in a number of problems. When it rains, the rain water seeps through the soil. The waste dissolves and carries with it harmful materials which pollute the soil. Air pollution is the most dangerous type of pollution and also very difficult to control. It is spread all over. Its effects on human health are wide ranging and very dangerous. Noise pollution is also causing problems in the densely populated areas. Excessive use of vehicle horns and loud music beyond a safe level damages the ear drums. Enviromental Protection Department is taking measures to control pollution. We, as citizens, must feel and take upon ourselves the responsibility to keep our enviroment clean. We must grow trees and protect the existing plants and trees. It is observed that most of the people clean their own places, houses and buildings, but throw garbage in the street or on the roads. It isthe duty of each one of us to put the trash in the dust bins and keep our atmosphere clean. All the bestYOUR REGARDS,ABDUL SAMAD

Saturday, February 6, 2010

Components of enviroment

rom our discussion of home and pond we can say that some of factors constituting the enviroment are non-living such as light, water, soil, temprature, and air. These factors are called "Abiotic" factors. The other types of factors include living things i.e. animals including humans, plants and micro-organisms. These factors are called "Biotic" factors.Abiotic Factors Of Eviroment:There are five types of abiotic factors who has:Light, Temprature, Soil, Water and Air.First we defins "Light" Light is and important abiotic factor of the enviroment that affects the life of organisms. You know that green plants use sunlight during photosynthesis to manufacture food and give off oxygen. Plants and all other organisms depend upon the food and oxygen prepared by the green plants. If there were no light, there would have been no food or oxygen.Second we defins "Temprature" Temprature is also an important abiotic enviromental factor that determines the climat of an area and changes in it. For instance, change in temprature lead to cloud formation, rani, melting of snow and winds. Temprature also has great effects on organisms; they cannot live at very low or very high temprature. Third we defines "Soil" Soil is also important for organisms. For example, land plants obtain their essential nutrients(salts) and water from the soil. Soil is the place of living for many animals such as earthworms, insects and bacteria. These organisms play very important roles in the enviroment.Fourth we defines "Water" Water us essential for the life of living organisms. An enviroment with abundance of water is more favourable for living things. A greater number and kinds of living things are found in such enviroment than in the enviroment with scanty water. There is shortage of water in deserts. Do deserts have larger of lesser number of organisms?Last we defines "Air" Air is a important physical factor of enviroment. We know that no organism can live without oxygen, which is a part of air. Oxygen is also used in burning. Green plants take in carbon dioxide from air to use it photosynthesis. Air and winds also greatly affect the climat conditions of area. ALL THE BEST YOUR REGARDS, ABDUL SAMAD

Components of enviroment

rom our discussion of home and pond we can say that some of factors constituting the enviroment are non-living such as light, water, soil, temprature, and air. These factors are called "Abiotic" factors. The other types of factors include living things i.e. animals including humans, plants and micro-organisms. These factors are called "Biotic" factors.Abiotic Factors Of Eviroment:There are five types of abiotic factors who has:Light, Temprature, Soil, Water and Air.First we defins "Light" Light is and important abiotic factor of the enviroment that affects the life of organisms. You know that green plants use sunlight during photosynthesis to manufacture food and give off oxygen. Plants and all other organisms depend upon the food and oxygen prepared by the green plants. If there were no light, there would have been no food or oxygen.Second we defins "Temprature" Temprature is also an important abiotic enviromental factor that determines the climat of an area and changes in it. For instance, change in temprature lead to cloud formation, rani, melting of snow and winds. Temprature also has great effects on organisms; they cannot live at very low or very high temprature. Third we defines "Soil" Soil is also important for organisms. For example, land plants obtain their essential nutrients(salts) and water from the soil. Soil is the place of living for many animals such as earthworms, insects and bacteria. These organisms play very important roles in the enviroment.Fourth we defines "Water" Water us essential for the life of living organisms. An enviroment with abundance of water is more favourable for living things. A greater number and kinds of living things are found in such enviroment than in the enviroment with scanty water. There is shortage of water in deserts. Do deserts have larger of lesser number of organisms?Last we defines "Air" Air is a important physical factor of enviroment. We know that no organism can live without oxygen, which is a part of air. Oxygen is also used in burning. Green plants take in carbon dioxide from air to use it photosynthesis. Air and winds also greatly affect the climat conditions of area. ALL THE BEST YOUR REGARDS, ABDUL SAMAD

A FRAGMENT

Awake! The hour is late! Angels are knocking at the door! They are haste and cannot wait! And once departed come no more. Awake! Arise! the athlete,s arm Loses its strength by too much rest;The fellow land, the untilled farm, Produces only weeds at best.

Science

No doubt, science is a miracle of 20th century. Its outstanding performance in every field of life cannot be written in words. Science has become more valuable friend of man. With the passege of time, this relation is also improving. Science is also a foe of man when it is use for negative purpose. But this its advantages are more than disadvantages. Science has improved our means of communication or transportation. Now long distance may cover in hours rather than days. With the invention of computer, a lot of facilities are enjoyed by mankind. Internet has explored a new and swift world befroe us. Now we can solve our problem in our home. Industrial development is due to science. All the machine which are working in an industry are assembled on scientific bases. A work which took days in past now can be done is minutes. The greatest achievement of science is in the field of prevention of different diseases. In the past seven out of eight babies die before reaching there first birthday. The use of scientific method, life rate is higher than the death rate. Now government is setting up family planning centers to control the birth rate. Owing to science, x-rays and ultrasound rays have been invented which are very effective for the treatment of a patient. Now surgery of different parts of body is possible. Atomic energy is also used in curing many diseases. Science has brought a revolution in the life of people. With the use of electricity, transport, ways of communication and computer, human life is hundred time better than it was in the past. Agriculture experts have brought a great revolution in the field of agriculture productions. They have told us modern techniques to improve our agriculture production. Now we can buy agriculture products throughout the year without any difficulty. Science is a systematical study of things based on practical experiments. Science is helping humanity in every walk of life. Science has changed the lives of people. Only a century ago, life was most certain. The death rate was very high. Those who survived were attacked by different fatal deseases. But now life is most certain than a century ago. Today babies are born in hospitals where they are safe from many different fatal diseases. Young people are treated to protect the against small-pox and typhoid fever. All this has been possible by the scientific method. Science has improved our method of growing and preserving food. Our forefathers could preserve food products only by drying, pickling and canning. But now we can get all types of food in every season. Science has give us an optimistic approach. Unlike past, they are not afraid of broken mirrors, number 13 and black cats. They believe in hard working rather than superstitions. Now people are more logical wise and practical than their ancestors. Now people are less likely to accept conslusion as final. To sum up our discussion, we can say, now life is impossible without science. Your regards,Abdul Samad

Character of a happy life

How happy is he born and taughtThat serveth not another,s will;Whose armour is his honest thought,And simple truth his utmost skill!
Whose passions not his masters are;Whose soul is still prepared for death,Untied unto the world by careOf public fame of private breath;
Who envies none that chance doth raise,Nor vice; who never understoodHow deepest wounds are given by praise;Nor rules of state, but rules of good;
Who hath his life from rumours freed;Whose conscience is his strong retreet;Whose state can neither flatterers feed,Nor ruin make oppressors great;
Who God doth late and early prayMore of his grace than gifts to lend;And entertains the harmless day With a religious book or friend;
This man is freed from servils bandsOf hope to rise or fear to fall:Lord of himself, though not of lamb,And having nothing, yet hath all.

COMPUTER

What is computer Everyone knows computer, but everyone does not know its importance. It is said that the first computer was invented in America, in the same technology, other countries began to compete with America and Japan. Today India has become a great competitor of America in computer technology. Now the whole world has known its importance. Every country is trying to develop its education. Today computer is taking place in every field of life. The poor countries are also using computers in different departments. It is used in all types of professions, business, teaching and medical etc. Modern life does not compelete without computer. The services of computer are unlimited to mankind. It solves many of our problems of different fields without wasting time. Its memory is infinite. You can read very same statement which was fed fifteen years ago. Its brain is more powerful than genius people. Now everything has computerized but we cannot ignore this fact that computer is also a foe of mankind because thousands of people are facing unemployment due to computer invention. This is the only disadvantage of computer but this very harsh to mankind. If we discuss the importance of computer in Pakistan. Here the situation is haphazard. Although pakistan is a developing country but its young people are doing a lot of work in the field of computer and information technology. They are developing software houses. There are many programms, computer technicians but unfortunately we have to say that they are only degree holders but not expert in their respective field. Still, we have to do a lot of work to compete India in the field of computer technology. Now the computer technology has very fastest. Because due to internet, internet is the best and fastest way for communication in every where, every time in this whole world. We can use the internet we can see intresting news, national news, international news and many types of news like funny news etc. Due to internet we can see the world by google earth and talk with any person in this whole world. To sum up our discussion we can say computer is must for a human life.Your regards,Abdul Samad

COMPUTER

What is computer Everyone knows computer, but everyone does not know its importance. It is said that the first computer was invented in America, in the same technology, other countries began to compete with America and Japan. Today India has become a great competitor of America in computer technology. Now the whole world has known its importance. Every country is trying to develop its education. Today computer is taking place in every field of life. The poor countries are also using computers in different departments. It is used in all types of professions, business, teaching and medical etc. Modern life does not compelete without computer. The services of computer are unlimited to mankind. It solves many of our problems of different fields without wasting time. Its memory is infinite. You can read very same statement which was fed fifteen years ago. Its brain is more powerful than genius people. Now everything has computerized but we cannot ignore this fact that computer is also a foe of mankind because thousands of people are facing unemployment due to computer invention. This is the only disadvantage of computer but this very harsh to mankind. If we discuss the importance of computer in Pakistan. Here the situation is haphazard. Although pakistan is a developing country but its young people are doing a lot of work in the field of computer and information technology. They are developing software houses. There are many programms, computer technicians but unfortunately we have to say that they are only degree holders but not expert in their respective field. Still, we have to do a lot of work to compete India in the field of computer technology. Now the computer technology has very fastest. Because due to internet, internet is the best and fastest way for communication in every where, every time in this whole world. We can use the internet we can see intresting news, national news, international news and many types of news like funny news etc. Due to internet we can see the world by google earth and talk with any person in this whole world. To sum up our discussion we can say computer is must for a human life.Your regards,Abdul Samad

Types of transport

Types of transport

Types of transport

Method of scientific investigation

The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind. It is simply the mode at which all phenomena are reasoned about, rendered precise are exact. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations are methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely-graduated weights. It is not that the action of the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other differ in the principles of their construction of manner of working; but the same beam of one is set on an infinity finer axis than the other, and of course turns by the addition of a much smaller weight. You have all heard it repeated, I dare of the that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, and that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, wring from Nature certain other things, which are called natural laws, and causes, and that out of these, by some cunning skill of their own, they build up hypotheses and theories. And it is imagined by many, that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special apprenticeship to the craft. To hear all these large words, you would think that the mind of a man of science must be constituted differently from that of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by terms, you will discover that you are quite wrong,, and that all these terrible apparatus and being used by yourselves every day and every hour of your lives. Dear Readers, this discussion is very very long.Your regards, Abdul Samad

Method of scientific investigation

The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind. It is simply the mode at which all phenomena are reasoned about, rendered precise are exact. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person as there is between the operations are methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely-graduated weights. It is not that the action of the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other differ in the principles of their construction of manner of working; but the same beam of one is set on an infinity finer axis than the other, and of course turns by the addition of a much smaller weight. You have all heard it repeated, I dare of the that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, and that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, wring from Nature certain other things, which are called natural laws, and causes, and that out of these, by some cunning skill of their own, they build up hypotheses and theories. And it is imagined by many, that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special apprenticeship to the craft. To hear all these large words, you would think that the mind of a man of science must be constituted differently from that of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by terms, you will discover that you are quite wrong,, and that all these terrible apparatus and being used by yourselves every day and every hour of your lives. Dear Readers, this discussion is very very long.Your regards, Abdul Samad

On destroying books

On destroying books

Difference Betweeb Brain and a computer

The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word, that is "complexity". The human brain is the most complicated thing, known to us. The human brain weighs only three pounds. In these three pounds are ten billion nerve cells and a hundrad billion smaller cells. The billions of these cells are interconnected in a very complicated network that cannot be understood so easily. "Can a computer think?" That depends on what you mean by "think". If solving a mathematical problem is "thinking," then a computer can "think" and do so much faster than a man. Of course, most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straightforward processes over and over again. Even the simple computers of today can do that. It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are "programmed" to do so. They can only do what men have fed in them. One must remember that human beings also can do only what they are "programmed" to do. Our "program" is very complex. We might like to define "thinking" creativity that goes into writing a play, composing a symphony", in conceiving a scientific theory, or a judgment. In that sense, computers certainly cannot think. The brain is made up of cells in a certain arrangement. The cells are made up of atoms and molecules in certain arrangments. To duplicat the material complexity of the brain is therefore to duplicate everything about it. But how long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain? Perhaps not as long as some think. Long before we approach a computer that is, at least, complex enough to design another computer more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex and so forth. In other words, once we pass a certain critical point, the computers take over and there is a "complexity explosion." In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that will not only duplicate the human brain---but will perhaps surpass it. Will a time ever come when a man will have to handover the job to someone who can do it better than him. Yes! Perhaps. But we will have to wait till such a wonder takes place! BEST OF LUCKYOUR REGARDS,ABDUL SAMAD